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[[Category:Terminology]] |
[[Category:Terminology]] |
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[[File:Sam.png|thumb|220x220px|A visual representation of the SAM using a modified Kinsey scale. |
[[File:Sam.png|thumb|220x220px|A visual representation of the SAM using a modified Kinsey scale. An individual may fall anywhere on each the two scales.|link=https://lgbta.wikia.org/wiki/File:Sam.png]] |
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[[File:Image-asset.jpg|thumb|Another SAM infographic<ref>https://www.teenvogue.com/story/purple-red-sexuality-scale</ref> ]] |
[[File:Image-asset.jpg|thumb|Another SAM infographic<ref>https://www.teenvogue.com/story/purple-red-sexuality-scale</ref> |180x180px]] |
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[[File:2013 05 SexualRomanticSpectrumWIDE.png|thumb|Romantic and [[Sexual Diversity|sexual diversity]]<ref>https://asexualityindia.org/asexualspectrum.html</ref>]] |
[[File:2013 05 SexualRomanticSpectrumWIDE.png|thumb|Romantic and [[Sexual Diversity|sexual diversity]]<ref>https://asexualityindia.org/asexualspectrum.html</ref>|229x229px]] |
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[[File:The More Complicated Attraction Layer Cake, by Luna Rudd.jpg|thumb|The More Complicated Attraction Layer Cake, by Luna Rudd<ref>https://cake.avris.it/</ref>]] |
[[File:The More Complicated Attraction Layer Cake, by Luna Rudd.jpg|thumb|The More Complicated Attraction Layer Cake, by Luna Rudd<ref>https://cake.avris.it/</ref>|244x244px]] |
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The '''split attraction model,''' or '''SAM''', is a model which differentiates [[attraction]] into different [[:Category:Attraction|forms of attraction]], each of which may have it's own orientation. The SAM has historically been important to the [[Asexual Spectrum|ace-spec]] and [[Aromantic Spectrum|aro-spec]] individuals, but also experiences use outside of the [[A-Spec|a-spec]] community. |
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The '''split attraction model''' or '''SAM''' is a model of [[attraction]] used by many [[Asexual Spectrum|ace-spec]] and [[Aromantic Spectrum|aro-spec]] individuals to describe their identity, although it can also be used by those who are not [[A-Spec|a-spec]]. The SAM states that for some, [[sexual attraction]] and [[romantic attraction]] are two different things. For example, an [[asexual]] may feel romantic attraction, and an [[aromantic]] may feel sexual attraction. In those cases the [[A-Spec|a-spec]] individual may describe their identity using the SAM in order to express both aspects of their identity. Some may also include their [[Tertiary Attraction|tertiary attractions]] in their use of SAM.<ref>https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-the-split-attraction-model-5207380</ref> |
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The split attraction model is often used to describe how one's sexual orientation and romantic orientation interact and are distinct. For example an individual may be [[heteroromantic]] and [[bisexual]]. A-spec individuals may use the SAM to describe which forms of attraction they do experience. An [[asexual]] individual may experience romantic attraction and an [[aromantic]] individual may experience sexual attraction, and the SAM allows such individuals to describe their orientations separately. Some individuals may also include [[Tertiary Attraction|tertiary attraction]] orientations in their identities.<ref>https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-the-split-attraction-model-5207380</ref> An individual whose [[sexual orientation]] and [[Romantic Orientation|romantic orientation]] don't match may identify as [[varioriented]]. |
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If an individual's [[Sexual Orientation|sexual]] and [[Romantic Orientation|romantic orientations]] are the same they may prefer to use a single word and may identify as [[perioriented]]. For example, one may prefer the term "[[pansexual]]" over "[[panromantic]] and [[pansexual]]." A common exception to this is the term [[aroace]], which is often used to avoid confusing "asexual" with [[Alloromantic Asexual|alloromantic asexual]] or "aromantic" with [[Aromantic Allosexual|allosexual aromantic]]. |
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⚫ | Not all a-spec |
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⚫ | Not all a-spec individuals use the split attraction model, most notably are [[Non-SAM Aro|non-SAM aros]]. Some individuals prefer more precise terms for differentiating forms attraction, including "[[Romantic Orientation|romantic orientation]]" or "romantic orientation labeling," "attraction types," "attraction subtyping," or "differentiating types of attraction." Not every individual who experiences different types of attraction necessarily has a distinct romantic orientation, and not every individual who has a romantic orientation necessarily experiences multiple types of attraction.<ref>[https://theacetheist.wordpress.com/2019/03/20/remodeling-on-the-reclamation-of-the-term-split-attraction-model/ Remodeling]</ref><ref>[https://theacetheist.wordpress.com/2019/05/16/three-narratives-of-non-rosol-identity-in-the-aro-community/ Three Narratives of Non-Rosol Identity in the Aro Community]</ref> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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The first recorded instance of |
The first recorded instance of an orientation model describing split attraction was in 1879 by Karl Heinrich Ulrichs, a German writer who published twelve books on [[Unstraight|non-heterosexual]] attraction. In those books, Ulrichs came up with various classifications of orientations which are fairly similar to modern LGBTA+ identities. Among his works he described individuals who are 'konjunktiver and disjunktiver' or 'conjunctive and disjunctive [[bisexual]]ity'<ref>http://hubertkennedy.angelfire.com/FirstTheorist.pdf</ref>. The first is described as one who has both 'tender' and 'passionate' feelings for both [[men]] and [[women]]. The second is one who has 'tender' feelings for men, but 'passionate' feelings for women (if the individual was a man - the reverse if they were a woman). However, Ulrichs' model never caught on due to its complexity. |
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The next instance of separating sexual and romantic attraction was in 1979 by the psychologist Dorothy Tennov |
The next instance of separating sexual and romantic attraction was in 1979 by the psychologist Dorothy Tennov with the publication of her book '''Love and Limerence: The Experience of Being in Love''<nowiki/>'<ref>http://dannyreviews.com/h/Love_Limerence.html</ref>''. ''In the book, Tennov describes 'limerence' as a form of attraction which could be described as a crush or an infatuation with someone. Although Tennov viewed sex as being a part of limerence she acknowledged that it was not the main focus of the concept. |
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The first hints of what would become the modern |
The first hints of what would become the modern split attraction model began with 'affectional attraction/[[orientation]]' which was coined at some point in the 1980's. It's unclear when the term was first used. Coining for the terms as often attributed to Curt Pavola, a gay rights activist from Washington, and to Lisa Diamond, a psychologist. However, there are instances of the phrase that predate both of these individuals. |
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Around 2001 there was a push for a way to classify |
Around 2001 there was a push for a way to classify asexual individuals. One of the earliest examples is the ABCD classification system on AVEN<ref>http://wiki.asexuality.org/ABCD_types</ref>, which recognizes that some asexual individuals may feel romantic attraction. Around the same time there was a Yahoo e-mail group known as 'Haven For The Human Amoeba,'<ref>http://wiki.asexuality.org/Haven_for_the_Human_Amoeba</ref> where in 2001 there was discussions of terms such as 'hetero-asexual' and "bi-asexual." It wasn't until 2005 that the modern form of the split attraction model was created on AVEN.<ref>https://www.asexuality.org/en/topic/9433-relationship-definitions/</ref> By 2009 the concept was commonly used in a-spec circles. |
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Other |
Other asexual individuals also began using additional attraction terms, such as [[Platonic Attraction|platonic attraction]], [[Sensual Attraction|sensual attraction]], and [[Aesthetic Attraction|aesthetic attraction]] starting in the early 2000s.<ref>[https://theacetheist.wordpress.com/2019/05/17/a-mini-history-of-different-types-of-attraction-in-the-ace-community/ A Mini History of Different Types of Attraction in the Ace Community]</ref><ref>[https://secondlina.tumblr.com/post/21955456091/a-comic-about-the-different-types-of-attraction A comic about different types of attraction]</ref> These attraction types could also be paired with parallel orientation identity terms such as pansensual or panaesthetic, but that application was less common. |
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The specific term "split attraction model" |
The specific term "split attraction model" in this context originated on Tumblr in 2015. The original use of the term was developed from aphobes and [[Exclusionist|exclusionists]] accusing the asexual community of requiring that everyone (including non-asexual individuals) split their orientation into multiple parts<ref>https://vanillil.tumblr.com/post/128042336475/the-split-attraction-model-is-homophobic</ref><ref>https://legislacerator.tumblr.com/post/124764170311/can-you-tell-me-what-split-attraction-model</ref><ref>https://morwinyon.tumblr.com/post/122370182643/could-you-elaborate-on-the-split-attractions</ref>. The term “Split Attraction Model” was adopted by a-spec communities in order to talk about the issue. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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