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'''Sexual orientation''' or '''sexuality''' is a term that refers to the gender or genders one feels [[Sexual Attraction|sexual attraction]] to and how one feels sexual attraction. Typically, sexual orientation labels are derived using a prefix combined with the suffix "-sexual." [[Asexual]], [[bisexual]], [[Straight|heterosexual]], and [[demisexual]] are all examples of sexual orientations. Other labels that do not use the "-sexual" suffix, such as [[gay]], [[lesbian]], and [[trixic]], can also be used to describe one's sexuality.
The romantic counterpart is [[Romantic Orientation|romantic orientation]]. For most [[perioriented]]
==History==
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In 1894, Richard von Krafft-Ebing created the terms "homosexual" and "heterosexual" in his sexology book ''Psychopathia Sexualis'',<ref>[https://archive.org/details/PsychopathiaSexualis1000006945 Archived copy of ''Psychopathia Sexualis''.]</ref> leading to the long-standing medicalization of [[LGBT+]] identities and association between [[queer]] sexuality and mental health and neurodivergence.<ref>[https://openlibrary.org/books/OL4740908M/The_History_of_Sexuality ''The History of Sexuality'', Michel Foucault, originally published in 1976, republished by Pantheon Books in 1978.]</ref>
In 1896, Berlin sexologist Magnus Hirschfeld published a scheme that applied to both [[Woman|women]] and men that measured the strength of an individual's sexual desire on two independent 10-point scales, the "A" or homosexual scale and "B" or
The [[Kinsey Scale|Kinsey scale]], also called the Heterosexual-Homosexual Rating Scale, was first published in ''Sexual Behavior in the Human Male'' in 1948 and was also featured in the 1953 sequel report ''Sexual Behavior in the Human Female''.<ref>[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.187552 Archived copy of Alfred Kinsey's ''Sexual Behavior in the Human Male''.]</ref><ref>[https://archive.org/details/sexualbehaviorin00inst Archived copy of Alfred Kinsey's ''Sexual Behavior in the Human Female''.]</ref> The Kinsey scale provides a classification of sexual orientation based on the relative amounts of heterosexual and homosexual experience or desire in one's history at a given time rather than assuming that
The stigmatization of those who would not be classified as heterosexual, including heterosexual [[trans]]
==Culture==
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Integration of sexual orientation with sociocultural identity may be a challenge for LGBT individuals. Individuals may or may not consider their sexual orientation to define their sexual identity, as they may experience various degrees of fluidity<ref>[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-011-9761-1 "Stability and Change in Sexual Orientation Identity Over a 10-Year Period in Adulthood," Steven E. Mock and Richard P. Eibach, ''Archives of Sexual Behavior''.]</ref> or may simply identify more strongly with another aspect of their identity, such as family role.<ref>[https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1991-23978-001 "Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation," Hazel R. Markus and Shinobu Kitayama, ''Psychological Review''.]</ref>
Language can also be used to signal sexual orientation to others,<ref>[https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5749/j.ctttv95n ''Word's Out: Gay Men's English'', William L. Leap, University of Minnesota Press.]</ref> but it can also force individuals to identify with a label that may or may not accurately reflect their sexual orientation.
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Translation is a major obstacle when comparing different cultures. Many English terms lack equivalents in other languages, while concepts and words from other languages fail to be reflected in the English language.<ref>[http://nozizwe.co.za/pdf/CultureHealthSexuality.pdf "Identity experience among progressive gay Muslims in North America: A qualitative study within Al-Fatiha," O. Minwalla et alia, ''Culture, Health & Sexuality''.]</ref><ref>[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/002202217200300103 "Problems of Translation in Cross-Cultural Research," Lee Sechrest et alia, ''Journal of Cross-Cultural Research''.]</ref>
Some other cultures do not recognize a distinction between homosexual, heterosexual, or bisexual, instead categorizing a
==Resources==
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