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some cultures distinguished between gender and sex, and classified nonreproductive persons as a third sex, which could change their legal status. In medieval Europe the category of "eunuchus" referred to "spado" and "castratus." Spadones were naturally sterile, but had not been assigned "hermaphroditus" (having [[Ambiguous Genitalia|ambiguous genitals]]) at birth. They could marry, adopt children, and inherit property. "Castrati" were surgically sterilized for religious, slavery, and administrative purposes. They were forbidden to marry, but usually could adopt and inherit.[21]

In pre-colonial India "tritiya prakriti" was an umbrella term encompassing all sterile, non-heterosexual, and transgender people. "Napumsa(ka)" and "nastriya" specified men and women, respectively, who were sterile for some physical reason. They could enter unions using the gandharva form of marriage, but rarely were allowed to inherit property, and were not required to perform the sraddha and huta sacrifices.[32][[File:Thirdsex.png|thumb|third sex flag. [43]]]Other words translated as "eunuchos" or "spado":